English definition of Carbon

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Definition of carbon

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Carbon (n.) An elementary substance, not metallic in its nature, which is present in all organic compounds. Atomic weight 11.97. Symbol C. it is combustible, and forms the base of lampblack and charcoal, and enters largely into mineral coals. In its pure crystallized state it constitutes the diamond, the hardest of known substances, occuring in monometric crystals like the octahedron, etc. Another modification is graphite, or blacklead, and in this it is soft, and occurs in hexagonal prisms or t

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Hexone :: Hexone (n.) A liquid hydrocarbon, C6H8, of the valylene series, obtained from distillation products of certain fats and gums..

Tridecane :: Tridecane (n.) A hydrocarbon, C13H28, of the methane series, which is a probable ingredient both of crude petroleum and of kerosene, and is produced artificially as a light colorless liquid..

Carburet :: Carburet (v. t.) To combine or to impregnate with carbon, as by passing through or over a liquid hydrocarbon; to carbonize or carburize..

Decane :: Decane (n.) A liquid hydrocarbon, C10H22, of the paraffin series, including several isomeric modifications..

Isoprene :: Isoprene (n.) An oily, volatile hydrocarbon, obtained by the distillation of caoutchouc or guttaipercha..

Toluene :: Toluene (n.) A hydrocarbon, C6H5.CH3, of the aromatic series, homologous with benzene, and obtained as a light mobile colorless liquid, by distilling tolu balsam, coal tar, etc.; -- called also methyl benzene, phenyl methane, etc..

Aerate :: Aerate (v. t.) To combine or charge with gas; usually with carbonic acid gas, formerly called fixed air..

Cuddy :: Cuddy (n.) The coalfish (Pollachius carbonarius).

Cast Iron :: Cast iron () Highly carbonized iron, the direct product of the blast furnace; -- used for making castings, and for conversion into wrought iron and steel. It can not be welded or forged, is brittle, and sometimes very hard. Besides carbon, it contains sulphur, phosphorus, silica, etc..

Malachite :: Malachite (n.) Native hydrous carbonate of copper, usually occurring in green mammillary masses with concentric fibrous structure..

#NAME? :: -one () A termination indicating that the hydrocarbon to the name of which it is affixed belongs to the fourth series of hydrocarbons, or the third series of unsaturated hydrocarbonsl as, nonone..

Subcartilaginous :: Subcarbureted (a.) United with, or containing, carbon in less than the normal proportion..

Mead :: Mead (n.) A drink composed of sirup of sarsaparilla or other flavoring extract, and water. It is sometimes charged with carbonic acid gas..

Olefine :: Olefine (n.) Olefiant gas, or ethylene; hence, by extension, any one of the series of unsaturated hydrocarbons of which ethylene is a type. See Ethylene..

Carbon :: Carbon (n.) An elementary substance, not metallic in its nature, which is present in all organic compounds. Atomic weight 11.97. Symbol C. it is combustible, and forms the base of lampblack and charcoal, and enters largely into mineral coals. In its pure crystallized state it constitutes the diamond, the hardest of known substances, occuring in monometric crystals like the octahedron, etc. Another modification is graphite, or blacklead, and in this it is soft, and occurs in hexagonal prisms or t

Aragonite :: Aragonite (n.) A mineral identical in composition with calcite or carbonate of lime, but differing from it in its crystalline form and some of its physical characters..

Lanthanite :: Lanthanite (n.) Hydrous carbonate of lanthanum, found in tabular while crystals..

Organogen :: Organogen (n.) A name given to any one of the four elements, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, which are especially characteristic ingredients of organic compounds; also, by extension, to other elements sometimes found in the same connection; as sulphur, phosphorus, etc..

Soda :: Soda (n.) Popularly, sodium carbonate or bicarbonate..

Carbide :: Carbide (n.) A binary compound of carbon with some other element or radical, in which the carbon plays the part of a negative; -- formerly termed carburet..